Chapter 2 Detailed Outline

Samya SABER
COM2303
Dr.Ibahrine

Chapter 2 Drawing a Bead on Global Communication Theories
Detailed Outline


I- Normative Theories

- Four Theories of the Press: taxonomy (dividing up all the various versions and aspects of a topic into systematic categories or models: authoritarian, Soviet, liberal, and social responsibility).
- Normative theories: they did not seek only to explain or contrast comparative media systems but to provide a definition of how those systems ought to operate according to certain principles.- The development model & the participatory/democratic model.- The development model: media that addressed issues of health, poverty, education etc.
- The participatory/democratic model: small scale perception of the way of organizing media.

II- A different Approach I: Comparing and Contrasting Media

- Soviet media had a strong overlap with media under other dictatorships and with so-called development media..- Four main important issues are important in this case: economic crises, political power, dramatic social transitions and small-scale alternative media.
i- Political Power
- The state control over media was very detailed in Soviet Russia.

ii- Economic Crisis
- Economic crisis was a daily experience for the majority of soviet.- The soviet and post-soviet Russian experience of economic crisis.

iii- Dramatic Social Transition

- Russia went through many transitions in the 20th century. WWI
- The imperial censorship made it risky for anyone to print anything directly critical of the czars.

III- A different Approach II: Globalization and Media
- Globalization: structural economic changes.
- Globalization is everywhere even in cultural and media processes. - Hybridity Theory.
VI- A Different Approach III: small-Scale Alternative Media
- Samizdat media: during the 1960’s hand-circulated pamphlets, poems, essays, plays, short stories and audio- and videocassettes that started to emerge in Soviet Russia as well as other countries.